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Iran

Islamic Republic of Iran

Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, is a theocratic presidential republic with its capital in Tehran. This page brings together source-cited key facts, international memberships, economic and social indicators and practical information.

Independent referenceNot affiliated with any government
Sources citedFigures link to the sources listed below
Data status Under reviewLast updated 24 September 2026
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Key facts

Core reference data for Iran. Numbers in brackets link to the sources at the end of this page.

Official name
Islamic Republic of Iran [1]
Capital
Tehran [2]
Official language
Persian [2]
Population
92,417,681 [2]2025
Area
1,648,195 km² [2]
Currency
Iranian rial (IRR)
Time zone
Asia/Tehran [4]
Calling code
+98
Internet domain
.ir
UN member since
24 October 1945 [3]
Recognition
Universally Recognized
Official portal
dolat.ir

Government and leadership

Form of government
Theocratic presidential republic [1]
Head of state
Mojtaba Khamenei [1]
Head of government
Masoud Pezeshkian [1]
Parliament
Islamic Consultative Assembly290 seats
Constitution
24 October 1979 [1]
Independence
4 October 2026 [2]
Legal system
Civil Law

International memberships

Membership status in major international organizations and groups.

  • UNUnited Nations, since 1945Member
  • IMFInternational Monetary FundMember
  • World BankWorld Bank GroupMember
  • WTOWorld Trade OrganizationMember
  • EUEuropean UnionNot a member
  • NATONorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNot a member
  • SchengenSchengen AreaNot a member
  • G20Group of TwentyNot a member
  • G7Group of SevenNot a member
  • UNSC P5Permanent seat, UN Security CouncilNot a member

Economy

Headline indicators. Values marked est. are projections for the current or a future year.

GDP
$363 B [5]2025
GDP per capita
$3,924 [5]2025
GDP growth
-2.8% [5]2025
Inflation
42.2% [5]2025
Unemployment
8.3% [5]2025
Exports
$28 B [10]Reference year not recorded
Imports
$125 B [10]Reference year not recorded

Main exports

  • Petroleum
  • Chemical products
  • Fruits
  • Nuts
  • Carpets

Main imports

  • Industrial raw materials
  • Capital goods
  • Food

Geography

Area
1,648,195square kilometres
Coastline
2,440kilometres
Highest point
5,610 mMount Damavand
Coordinates
35.6878, 51.4447Geographic centre (approx.)

Bordering countries

Society and development

Life expectancy
77.9 years [10]Reference year not recorded
Literacy rate
88.9% [10]2023
Human Development Index
0.780 [6]Rank 78, 2022
Corruption Perceptions Index
23/100 [7]Reference year not recorded
Press freedom rank
177 [8]Reference year not recorded
Internet use
85.3% [10]of population
International tourist arrivals
1.6 M [11]2020
Majority religion
Islam

Practical information

Emergency number
115
Driving side
Right
Electricity
220
Plug types
  • Type C
  • Type F
Tap water
Generally safe to drinkLocal conditions can vary; follow local advice.
Calling code
+98

Travel and visa

Passport rank
91 [9]Henley Passport Index
Visa-free or on-arrival access
42 [9]destinations for this country's passport holders

Visiting Iran? Check official sources before you travel

Entry requirements depend on your nationality, the purpose of your trip and the length of your stay, and they can change at short notice. NexaNations does not provide immigration or legal advice.

Quick answers

What is the capital of Iran?

The capital of Iran is Tehran.

What currency does Iran use?

Iran uses the Iranian rial (IRR).

What is the official language of Iran?

The official language of Iran is Persian.

What is the emergency number in Iran?

The emergency number in Iran is 115.

Which side of the road do people drive on in Iran?

In Iran, traffic drives on the right.

Sources

  1. Official government portal of Iran. dolat.ir
  2. Wikidata, item Q794. wikidata.org
  3. United Nations, member states. un.org
  4. GeoNames, entry 130758. geonames.org
  5. International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook. imf.org
  6. United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report. hdr.undp.org
  7. Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index. transparency.org
  8. Reporters Without Borders, World Press Freedom Index. rsf.org
  9. Henley and Partners, Henley Passport Index. henleyglobal.com
  10. World Bank, World Development Indicators. data.worldbank.org
  11. UN Tourism, tourism statistics. untourism.int

Data last updated on 24 September 2026. Read how we select and verify sources in our methodology.

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