Russia
Russian Federation
Russia, officially the Russian Federation, is a federal semi-presidential constitutional republic with its capital in Moscow. This page brings together source-cited key facts, international memberships, economic and social indicators and practical information.
Key facts
Core reference data for Russia. Numbers in brackets link to the sources at the end of this page.
- Official name
- Russian Federation [1]
- Capital
- Moscow [2]
- Official language
- Russian [2]
- Population
- 143,513,328 [2]2025
- Area
- 17,098,246 km² [2]
- Currency
- Russian Ruble (RUB)
- Time zone
- Europe/Moscow [4]
- Calling code
- +7
- Internet domain
- .ru
- UN member since
- 24 October 1945 [3]
- Recognition
- Universally Recognized
- Official portal
- government.ru
Government and leadership
International memberships
Membership status in major international organizations and groups.
- UNUnited Nations, since 1945Member
- IMFInternational Monetary FundMember
- World BankWorld Bank GroupMember
- WTOWorld Trade OrganizationMember
- G20Group of TwentyMember
- UNSC P5Permanent seat, UN Security CouncilMember
- EUEuropean UnionNot a member
- NATONorth Atlantic Treaty OrganizationNot a member
- SchengenSchengen AreaNot a member
- G7Group of SevenNot a member
Economy
Headline indicators. Values marked est. are projections for the current or a future year.
- GDP
- $2,561 B [5]2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547 [5]2025
- GDP growth
- 1.0% [5]2025
- Inflation
- 8.7% [5]2025
- Unemployment
- 2.1% [5]2025
- Exports
- $422 B [10]Reference year not recorded
- Imports
- $397 B [10]Reference year not recorded
Main exports
- Petroleum
- Natural gas
- Metals
- Chemicals
- Wood
Main imports
- Machinery
- Vehicles
- Pharmaceuticals
- Electronics
- Food
Top export partners
Top import partners
Geography
- Area
- 17,098,246square kilometres
- Coastline
- 37,653kilometres
- Highest point
- 5,642 mMount Elbrus
- Coordinates
- 55.7558, 37.6176Geographic centre (approx.)
Bordering countries
Society and development
- Life expectancy
- 73.4 years [10]Reference year not recorded
- Literacy rate
- 99.9% [10]2021
- Human Development Index
- 0.821 [6]Rank 56, 2022
- Corruption Perceptions Index
- 22/100 [7]Reference year not recorded
- Press freedom rank
- 172 [8]Reference year not recorded
- Internet use
- 94.4% [10]of population
- International tourist arrivals
- 6.4 M [11]2020
- Majority religion
- Christianity
Practical information
- Emergency number
- 112
- Driving side
- Right
- Electricity
- 220
- Plug types
- Type C
- Type F
- Tap water
- Generally safe to drinkLocal conditions can vary; follow local advice.
- Calling code
- +7
Travel and visa
- Passport rank
- 46 [9]Henley Passport Index
- Visa-free or on-arrival access
- 114 [9]destinations for this country's passport holders
Visiting Russia? Check official sources before you travel
Entry requirements depend on your nationality, the purpose of your trip and the length of your stay, and they can change at short notice. NexaNations does not provide immigration or legal advice.
Quick answers
What is the capital of Russia?
The capital of Russia is Moscow.
What currency does Russia use?
Russia uses the Russian Ruble (RUB).
What is the official language of Russia?
The official language of Russia is Russian.
What is the emergency number in Russia?
The emergency number in Russia is 112.
Which side of the road do people drive on in Russia?
In Russia, traffic drives on the right.
Sources
- Official government portal of Russia. government.ru
- Wikidata, item Q159. wikidata.org
- United Nations, member states. un.org
- GeoNames, entry 2017370. geonames.org
- International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook. imf.org
- United Nations Development Programme, Human Development Report. hdr.undp.org
- Transparency International, Corruption Perceptions Index. transparency.org
- Reporters Without Borders, World Press Freedom Index. rsf.org
- Henley and Partners, Henley Passport Index. henleyglobal.com
- World Bank, World Development Indicators. data.worldbank.org
- UN Tourism, tourism statistics. untourism.int
Data last updated on 24 September 2026. Read how we select and verify sources in our methodology.
Was this page helpful?
NexaNations is an independent reference platform. It is not a government body and is not affiliated with, endorsed by or authorized by any government or institution named on this page.